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The Molecular Diagnostics Lab launched at the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute on April 20, 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Food and Drug Administration gave Virginia Tech permission to deploy its novel assay to analyze COVID samples in April, in response to an Emergency Use Authorization application. 

Health districts in Southwest Virginia sent coded and deidentified samples to the Virginia Tech lab for analysis. The samples were processed by researchers at the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute in Roanoke, Virginia using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) protocol to detect the virus’s genetic material. The lab developed a process that often provided results in 24 to 48 hours.

By July 2025, the lab had reported more than 230,000 test results since its launch. That year the lab shifted its focus, applying scientific processes and advances learned during the pandemic to advance precision oncology by providing Southwest Virginians with improved cancer diagnostics.

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